What happens during an HSG test and does it hurt?

An HSG (hysterosalpingogram) checks whether your fallopian tubes are open and your uterine cavity is normal. It's usually done after your period stops and before ovulation, so there's no chance of an existing pregnancy. A thin tube is placed through the cervix, a contrast dye is gently introduced, and X-ray images are taken. It takes about 10–15 minutes. Most women feel period-like cramping, which can be intense for some; your doctor may suggest taking a pain-relief tablet beforehand. Mild spotting afterwards is common. Tell your doctor if you have any allergy to contrast dye, or any pelvic infection history — and call them for fever or worsening pain afterwards. An ultrasound-based tubal test is an alternative some clinics offer.